Associate Director & Unit Head, Surgical Oncology, Max Hospital, Gurgaon
Part 6 of 10 in Diagnosis and Management of Rectum Cancer
Open, Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery for Colon and Rectum Cancer
September 5, 2026
Patients facing colon or rectum cancer surgery today have more than one viable surgical approach available to them.
Comparable Results, Different Recovery
Open surgery continues to give good results for colon and rectum cancer, but laparoscopic surgery achieves equally good outcomes with a shorter hospital stay and better recovery.
The Growing Role of Robotic Surgery
Robotic surgery has also proved equally effective for colon and rectum cancer. Max Hospital, Gurgaon operates the Da Vinci CXI robotic surgical system for these procedures, reflecting how the choice of approach is increasingly driven by outcomes and recovery rather than by what technology is available.
← Complete Mesocolic Excision with Central Vascular Ligation for Colon Cancer | Series index | Managing Stage 4 Colorectal Cancer: Liver and Peritoneal Metastases →
This article is based on a Jivo Masterclass session conducted by Dr. Kaushal Kishore Yadav, Associate Director & Unit Head, Surgical Oncology, Max Hospital, Gurgaon, India. The article has been summarised with the assistance of an AI tool from the original masterclass recording. Watch the full Masterclass recording
This guide is based on a live Jivo Masterclass: Dr. Kaushal Kishore Yadav taught doctors across Africa on June 15, 2025.
FROM THE LIVE Q&A
Dr. David Mukeba
Working in a region with very limited healthcare infrastructure, asked what to do when none of the described tests (MRI, CT, PET-CT, tumour markers) are available locally.
Dr. Kaushal Kishore Yadav
Do whatever is genuinely achievable under your own control. If something cannot be done locally, it is better to refer the patient to a centre where it can be done with precision, because cancer gives only one real chance to get the treatment pathway right.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Asked Dr. Yadav to clarify the name of the surgical technique he had just described for colon cancer.▼
It is called complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation, sometimes shortened to CME with CVL. The feeding blood vessels of the tumour are ligated right at their origin so that all the draining lymph nodes and the complete mesocolic fascia are removed together; this has been published in international journals and is associated with better survival than the standard technique.
Relayed a case: a patient with sigmoid colon cancer who has liver metastases only. How should a case like this be managed?▼
If the liver metastases are limited, roughly one to three, and can be completely removed, liver metastasectomy can be done at the time of the primary surgery or as a second stage. If the liver is diffusely involved in both lobes, there is no role for curative surgery and only palliative chemotherapy is appropriate. If instead there is peritoneal-only spread with no other site involved, cytoreductive surgery combined with HIPEC gives a survival advantage of about fifty percent in colorectal cancer, provided the disease is limited and combined with chemotherapy before and after.
Explained what an online OPD is, for doctors wanting to bring a relevant patient to Dr. Yadav.▼
When a Jivo doctor partner has a relevant patient, they collect the case details and share the information with the Jivo team in advance. The patient is invited to the partner doctor's own clinic, where Dr. Yadav then joins the consultation by video call, so the consultation is guided jointly by doctors in both India and Africa.
Relayed a French-speaking participant's request: will the session recording and presentation be shared afterward?▼
Yes. The webinar recording link will be shared with participants, and Dr. Yadav's presentation, in English, will also be shared.
Many doctors at a first or second-level hospital see colorectal cancer patients they cannot treat, and even the most advanced hospital available to them locally cannot treat these cases either. What should a doctor in this position do?▼
Nothing stops a doctor from referring the complex case to an Indian oncologist in parallel, so the patient has a second treatment pathway. Many patients from African countries who present to India face the same underlying problem: the evaluation, diagnosis and route to treatment usually takes a long time in the home country, and by the time they present to us the disease is already at an advanced stage, sometimes stage four with limited options.
Is laparoscopic surgery as effective as open surgery for colorectal cancer?▼
Yes, laparoscopic surgery achieves equally good outcomes as open surgery, with the added benefit of a shorter hospital stay and better recovery.
Is robotic surgery available for colon and rectum cancer?▼
Yes, robotic surgery has proved equally effective, and Max Hospital, Gurgaon operates the Da Vinci CXI system for these procedures.
How should a patient choose between open, laparoscopic and robotic surgery?▼
All three achieve comparable oncological results, so the choice is increasingly guided by expected recovery time and what best suits the individual case.
In This Series: Diagnosis and Management of Rectum Cancer
- 1.Diagnosis and Management of Rectum Cancer
- 2.Warning Signs and Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer
- 3.The Diagnostic Workup for Colon and Rectum Cancer: Tests, Scans and Staging
- 4.Sphincter-Preserving Surgery for Low Rectal Cancer
- 5.Complete Mesocolic Excision with Central Vascular Ligation for Colon Cancer
- 6.Open, Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery for Colon and Rectum Cancer
- 7.Managing Stage 4 Colorectal Cancer: Liver and Peritoneal Metastases
- 8.When Is Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy Needed Before Rectal Cancer Surgery?
- 9.Colorectal Cancer Screening: Who Should Get Tested and When
- 10.Referring a Colorectal Cancer Patient for Treatment in India