Learn from India's Healthcare Leaders

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Dharma Choudhary delivered an in-depth clinical discussion on sickle cell disease, focusing on disease pathophysiology, long-term organ complications, and the role of bone marrow transplant as the only established curative treatment. The session explained the genetic basis of sickle cell disease, its high prevalence in African populations, and the progressive damage caused by recurrent vaso-occlusive crises.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Z S Meharwal delivered a comprehensive overview of advances in cardiac surgery, with a focused discussion on the surgical management of valvular heart disease. The session traced the evolution of heart valve surgery from early mechanical valves to modern bioprosthetic, sutureless, and polymer valves, explaining how innovations have improved durability and patient outcomes.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Puneet Girdhar delivered a comprehensive clinical overview of modern spine surgery, focusing on how advances in technique and technology have transformed outcomes. The session traced the evolution from open spine surgery to minimally invasive, endoscopic, navigation-guided, and robotic-assisted procedures, highlighting reduced tissue damage and faster recovery.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Rakesh Mahajan delivered an in-depth, experience-led discussion on complex total hip arthroplasty, focusing on indications, surgical planning, implant selection, and outcomes in challenging hip pathology. The session covered complex primary and revision hip replacement scenarios including post-traumatic arthritis and developmental dysplasia.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Anil Kumar Kansal delivered a comprehensive update on recent advances in neurosurgery, covering modern spine, brain, and functional neurosurgical techniques that improve precision, safety, and patient outcomes. The session outlined minimally invasive and endoscopic spine surgery, advanced tumor procedures, and functional neurosurgery techniques.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Aseem R Srivastava delivered an evidence-based clinical framework on the optimal timing of surgery in congenital heart disease, emphasising that outcomes are governed by disease natural history rather than age or weight thresholds. The session covered common and complex congenital lesions including ASD, VSD, complete AV canal defects, Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries, TAPVC, PDA, coarctation of the aorta, and truncus arteriosus, outlining condition-specific mortality risks associated with delayed referral. Dr Srivastava defined precise windows for intervention, ranging from planned repair in early childhood for ASD to surgery at diagnosis for high-risk lesions such as TAPVC, TGA, truncus arteriosus, and critical coarctation. Particular emphasis was placed on the consequences of delayed treatment, including irreversible pulmonary vascular disease and inoperability in shunt lesions, contrasted with near-normal survival following timely surgery. The masterclass concluded that early referral, disease-led decision-making, and structured collaboration between frontline clinicians and specialised centres are essential to improving long-term survival in congenital heart disease.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Subhash Chandra delivered a structured clinical overview of emerging trends in interventional cardiology, with emphasis on structural heart interventions and TAVI as a catheter-based alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis in elderly or high-risk patients. The session reviewed disease burden, symptom thresholds and timing of intervention, compared surgical and transcatheter approaches, and detailed valve technologies, access routes, CT-driven anatomical planning, annular sizing and complication mitigation including stroke, conduction block, paravalvular leak and vascular injury. Real-world cases illustrated decision-making in frail and comorbid patients, expanding TAVI use-cases such as valve-in-valve rescue and alternative access strategies (carotid, subclavian, transcaval), as well as the emerging role of mitral interventions (TMVR). The masterclass concluded with pragmatic guidance on referral triggers, cost considerations and training pathways that enable developing health systems to adopt high-impact structural heart therapies.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Deepika Aggarwal delivered a structured clinical overview of the role of robotic surgery in benign gynaecology, explaining how robotic platforms are increasingly applied to fibroids, endometriosis and dysfunctional uterine bleeding beyond their traditional oncology usage. The session outlined key technological differentiators compared to standard laparoscopy, including 3D visualisation, tremor filtration, articulated instruments and improved suturing precision. Clinical indications were reviewed across myomectomy, hysterectomy, cystectomy and deep endometriosis resection, with evidence supporting reduced blood loss, lower conversion rates, faster recovery and shorter hospital stay in appropriately selected patients. Particular emphasis was placed on patient selection criteria such as multiple fibroids, high BMI and severe endometriosis, along with practical considerations around anaesthesia, operative cost, and comparison with open and laparoscopic surgery. The masterclass concluded that robotic surgery enables more precise and less invasive management of complex benign gynaecological conditions, when deployed in the right patients and settings.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Vikas Dua delivered a structured clinical overview of sickle cell disease, focusing on disease burden, complications and the role of bone marrow transplant (haematopoietic stem cell transplant) as the only established curative therapy. The session explained the genetic basis of sickle cell disease, its high prevalence in Africa and the cumulative impact of recurrent pain crises, stroke, acute chest syndrome and multi-organ damage on long-term survival and quality of life. Dr Dua outlined clear transplant indications, including recurrent vaso-occlusive crises, neurological events, chest syndrome and failure of medical therapy despite hydroxyurea, and reviewed donor strategies such as matched sibling donors and haploidentical (parent) transplants, addressing the challenge of limited unrelated donor registries in African settings. The masterclass concluded that early referral for transplant improves cure rates, reduces irreversible complications and enables children and adults with sickle cell disease to achieve durable, long-term, disease-free survival.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr S K Rajan delivered a structured clinical overview of modern spine surgery and spine safety, showing how technological advances, multidisciplinary care and minimally invasive techniques have transformed outcomes across degenerative, traumatic, infectious and deformity-related spinal conditions. The session defined clear surgical indications for cervical and lumbar disc disease, spinal stenosis, tumours, spinal tuberculosis, scoliosis, fractures and osteoporotic vertebral collapse, illustrated with real-world cases demonstrating restoration of strength, mobility and quality of life. Dr Rajan highlighted keyhole minimally invasive spine surgery, cervical disc replacement, deformity correction, scoliosis surgery, kyphoplasty and navigation-guided fixation, emphasising reduced muscle damage, faster recovery and early mobilisation. A central focus was spine safety, addressing complications linked to incorrect patient selection and non-navigated screw placement, and showing how intraoperative 3D imaging, O-arm navigation, neuromonitoring and integrated spine clinics enable over 99% accuracy and safety in complex spinal procedures. The masterclass reinforced evidence-based decision-making, multidisciplinary diagnosis and technology-driven precision as essential to delivering reliable, patient-centred spine care.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Shelly Singh delivered a structured, protocol-driven overview of infertility evaluation and pre-IVF optimisation, outlining the essential investigations and corrective interventions required to improve IVF outcomes. The session explained the major causes of infertility across uterine, tubal, ovarian, endocrine and male factors, and emphasised structured assessment using transvaginal ultrasound, ovarian reserve testing (AMH, FSH), tubal patency tests and semen analysis. Particular focus was placed on identifying and surgically correcting implantation-impairing pathologies such as submucosal and selected intramural fibroids, endometrial polyps, intrauterine adhesions (Asherman syndrome), endometriosis, tubal disease and select uterine anomalies. The masterclass highlighted evidence-based decision-making on when surgery is indicated, the role of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy, preservation of ovarian reserve, and the importance of multidisciplinary, doctor-led pathways to ensure ethical counselling, realistic expectations and improved reproductive outcomes.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Ramkinkar Jha delivered a structured clinical overview of joint replacement surgery, focusing on the diagnosis and staged management of osteoarthritis across the knee, hip, shoulder and elbow. The session explained the progression of arthritis from cartilage degeneration to advanced joint damage, emphasising clinical evaluation and X-ray grading as tools to guide, not dictate, treatment decisions. Dr Jha outlined a stepwise care pathway covering non-operative management, injection therapies, arthroscopy, corrective osteotomies, unicompartmental knee replacement and total joint replacement, with clear indications for each. Particular emphasis was placed on patient selection, implant materials and biocompatibility, implant longevity, complication management and the role of conventional, computer-assisted and robotic techniques. The masterclass concluded that well-indicated joint replacement delivers reliable pain relief, functional recovery and sustained quality-of-life improvement across age groups, including younger and high-demand patients.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Mohit Agarwal outlined the shift in modern oncology from generalised treatment to personalised, biology-driven therapy. The session addressed common misconceptions, clarified diagnostic risk factors and demonstrated why biopsy, precise staging and protocol-based decision-making are mandatory before treatment initiation. Key advances were reviewed across targeted therapy, immunotherapy and next-generation sequencing (NGS), showing how genetic profiling identifies actionable molecular targets, reduces systemic toxicity and improves survival. The masterclass also highlighted the role of cancer screening, preventative vaccination and structured doctor-to-doctor collaboration to maintain continuity of care across borders. By standardising these diagnostic and therapeutic pathways, the session equips clinicians to apply global oncology standards within local healthcare systems.

In this Jivo Masterclass, Dr Shafiq Ahmad delivered a clinically focused framework on prostate cancer management, addressing the need for earlier diagnosis and protocol-driven care in African patient populations. The session outlined a shift from late-stage, symptom-led presentation to proactive screening using PSA dynamics and Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) for timely risk stratification. Dr Ahmad detailed contemporary treatment pathways, with particular emphasis on robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, highlighting its advantages in oncological clearance, urinary continence, and potency preservation compared with open surgery. Advanced disease management was discussed through structured use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and PSMA PET-CT for accurate staging and treatment planning. The masterclass concluded by demonstrating how standardised surgical and medical protocols enable clinicians to deliver tertiary-level prostate cancer care within local healthcare systems.