Closing the Gap: The Global Burden of Preventable Hearing Loss

The first option is always a hearing aid. If it provides adequate, meaningful hearing, meaning the person can discriminate between words rather than just hear noise, that remains the treatment. Presbycusis, age-related hearing loss common in people 80 to 85 years old with no prior history, is a typical cause. If hearing aids only deliver noise without clarity, a cochlear implant is an option at any age.

Absolutely. Chronic myeloid leukemia and even chronic kidney disease are not contraindications, because CML is an indolent, slow-moving disease. As long as the patient is medically stable and vaccinated beforehand, implantation can significantly improve their social interaction and quality of life.

Programming is now available online because most modern devices have built-in Bluetooth. An audiologist can connect through an app on a laptop or phone and wirelessly program or calibrate the device remotely, in much the same way as this Zoom masterclass, without the patient needing to travel back.

In India, cochlear implants are not covered by insurance, and the device is expensive, so CSR funds and government programs are used to support Indian families. Nothing equivalent currently exists for international patients. Paid out of pocket, surgery including the device starts at around 14,000 US dollars and can go up to 36,000 US dollars for high-end models, with cost driven mainly by MRI-compatible magnet strength, auto-programming that adjusts to noise every few seconds, and built-in Bluetooth.

No. Implant companies design the internal device to stay compatible even as external technology advances. The first person implanted with a cochlear device, in 1984, is still using that original internal component 42 years later, having only upgraded the external processor along the way.

The World Health Organization projects that 54 million people in Africa will have some form of hearing loss by 2030, a figure that reflects gaps in screening infrastructure and specialist availability rather than an unavoidable biological reality.

An estimated 60 percent of childhood hearing loss is preventable, through vaccination and through access to antibiotics that treat the infections, meningitis among them, that damage hearing in the first place.

To build dialogue between practitioners on both sides of that relationship, which builds confidence and shared learning within the medical community.

Act early whenever a relevant patient appears, because the brain's peak window for language development does not wait for a referral to make its way through the system.